Name: Schroeder Log Home Supply, Inc.
Address: 1101 SE 7th Avenue, Grand Rapids, MN, 55744, US
Telephone: (218) 326-4434

Adapted from The Log Home Maintenance Guide.

Name	About	Exit Holes	Damage	Treatment
Ambrosia Beetles	Family Platypodidae. 1/8 to 1/5 inch long and darkly colored. Only 6–10 weeks from egg to adult state. Attracted to newly felled green wood with 48% to 50% moisture content or higher.	Size varies depending on species. Galleries are darkly stained with sapstain fungus.	Bores directly into newly felled sapwood of conifers and inoculates a black sapstain fungus into the wood. Fungus will spread as galleries are enlarged. Some species will infest heartwood.	Remove felled trees immediately from the forest. Dip or spray treat newly felled logs in a borate preservative such as PeneTreat (Tim-bor) to prevent and eradicate infestation.
Bark Beetles	Family Scolytidae and Platypodidae. Includes the Ips beetle, or engraver beetle. They need both bark and sapwood in order to infest. 1/50 to 1/8 inch long.	1/16-inch diameter exit holes in bark of trees.	Damage occurs after felling of trees. Larvae chew galleries between bark and sapwood leaving an engraved look to the surface of the sapwood. Some species inoculate wood with wood decaying sapstain fungus. They do not reinfest.	Drawknife trees immediately. Treat logs with a borate wood preservative to kill off infestation. Discard affected logs or lumber during the building stage of house. They don’t reinfest wood. Sapstain discoloration cannot be removed from wood.
Carpenter Ants	Large black ants up to 1/2 inch long. Over 500 species worldwide. Attracted to wet decaying wood for nesting.	Size varies depending on species.	They do not eat wood, just build extensive nesting galleries. Can cause structural damage to logs and timbers.	Locate and destroy nest. Spray holes with a carpenter ant insecticide, then seal holes with caulking. Check and treat logs and woodwork for signs of excessive moisture and decay.
Carpenter Bees	Large bees about 1 inch long. Abdomen is black and hairless. Attracted to dry wood. Males fiercely protect entrance holes by buzzing loudly, but they cannot sting.	Circular, 1/2-inch in diameter exit holes.	They don’t eat wood, they just build extensive nesting galleries. They can cause structural damage to logs and timbers. Nests attract woodpeckers that can cause more damage to wood.	Spray an insecticide for bees, wasps, or carpenter ants into holes at night while they sleep. Cover holes with caulking. Reapply until they no longer emerge.
Flat-Headed Wood Borers	Family Buprestid. Adults range from 1/4 to 1-1/4 inches long and are metallic copper, green, blue, or black; larvae are flat-headed. Approximately 700 species in North America. They don’t reinfest wood. Females lay eggs in freshly cut trees.	Oval and elongated. Size varies depending on species.	Larvae feed on the sapwood of both softwoods and hardwoods. Larvae can feed for 1 to 5 years, causing structural damage to both logs and timbers.</p	Logs should be treated with a borate preservative to prevent and eradicate infestation before house is built. If they are emerging from house logs, spray an insecticide into holes and seal with caulk. Retreat as needed.
Mason Wasps	Potter or Mason wasps (pictured with a dime) are of the subfamily Eumenidae of the Vespidae family. They range from 10- to 20-mm in length. They harvest wood beetle larva and caterpillars for food for their young. Their larva are non-woodboring.	They do not bore into wood, instead, they utilize existing holes for nesting.	The adult chews wood only to collect pulp for nesting cavities	Spray an insecticide into holes and seal with caulking. Retreat as needed.
Powderpost Beetles (Anobiids)	Family Anobiidae. Reddish to dark brown and 1/16 to 3/8 inches long. Known as deathwatch beetles and furniture beetles. Attracted to wood over 20% moisture content. Emit powdery flour-like wood dust from tunnel entrances.	Circular, 1/16- to 1/8- inch diameter exit holes.	Will attack both soft and hardwoods. Can cause structural damage to logs and timbers.	Spray an insecticide into holes and seal with caulking. Retreat as needed.
Powderpost Beetles (Lyctids)	Family Lyctidae. Reddish-brown to black and 1/8 to 5/16 inches long. Emit powdery flour-like wood dust from tunnel entrances.	Circular, 1/32- to 1/16-inch in diameter exit holes.	Attacks seasoned or partially seasoned sapwood of hardwoods. Can cause structural damage with many tunnel galleries.	Spray an insecticide into holes and seal with caulking. Retreat as needed.
Round-Headed Wood Borers	Family Cerambycidae. Known as longhorned beetles and pine sawyers. Includes the old house borer. 1/4 to 3 inches long with very long antennae that can be three times the length of the body. Over 1200 species in North America. Larvae have round heads. Larval period can last from 2 to 3 years and as long as 15 years, depending on the moisture content of the wood.	Round to slightly oval; size varies depending on species. Old house borer tunnels are marked with tiny ringlets.	Can chew and tunnel through plasterboard, hardwood flooring, plywood and shingles. Prefers sapwood of coniferous trees. Can cause structural damage with many tunnel galleries.	Spray an insecticide into holes and seal with caulking. Retreat as needed.
Termites	Order Isoptera. 41 species in North America. 5 major groups of termites in the U.S.: subterranean, drywood, dampwood, powderpost, and Formosan. The subterranean is found throughout the U.S.	Small tube-shaped tunnels leading from the ground to the wooden structure; irregularly-shaped tunnel galleries in wood.	Attracted to both dry or damp wood depending on species. Can cause severe, house-condemning structural damage with many tunnel galleries.	Seek professional help from a termite exterminator.
Winter Flies	Cluster flies that are dark gray and larger than a housefly.	None	Does not cause damage, just annoyance.	Flyswatter, insect strips, or vacuum cleaner to control populations.
Wood Wasps	Also known as horntails. More than 1 inch long. Larval stage can take 2 to 5 years to reach adult. They will not reinfest.	Circular, 1/4- to 1/2-inch diameter exit holes.	Attacks sapwood and heartwood. Damage is mostly cosmetic, though 10- to 12-inch long galleries are constructed. Larvae can chew through plasterboard and hardwood floors.	Spray an insecticide into holes and seal with caulking. Retreat as needed.